The Cave (Narrated by Orson Welles)

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F for Fake

F for Fake (French: Vérités et mensonges, "Truths and lies") is a 1973 docudrama film co-written, directed by, and starring Orson Welles who worked on the film alongside François Reichenbach, Oja Kodar, and Gary Graver. Initially released in 1974, it focuses on Elmyr de Hory's recounting of his career as a professional art forger; de Hory's story serves as the backdrop for a meandering investigation of the natures of authorship and authenticity, as well as the basis of the value of art. Far from serving as a traditional documentary on de Hory, the film also incorporates Welles's companion Oja Kodar, hoax biographer Clifford Irving, and Orson Welles as himself. F for Fake is sometimes considered an example of a film essay. In addition to the 88-minute film, i… more »

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Let me show in a parable. To what extent our nature is enlightened, or unenlightened
Envision human figures living in an underground cave
With a long entrance across the whole width of the cave
Here they have been from their childhood and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move
and can only see before them being prevented by the chains from turning their heads around
Above and behind them, A fire is blazing the distance
They see only their own shadows which the fire throws on the opposite wall of the cave
For how could they see anything but the shadows if they were never allowed to move their heads
Between the fire and the prisoners
There is a raised way and below wall built along the way like the screen
Which puppet players have in front of them which they show the puppets
Do you see men passing along the wall
Carrying all sorts of articles which they hold projected above the wall
Statues of men and animals made of wood and stone and various materials
Of the objects which are being carried in like manner
they would only see the shadows
And if they were able to converse with one another
Would they not suppose that they went naming what was actually before them?
And suppose further that there was an echo, which came from the wall
Would they not be sure to think when one of the best is by spoke
That the voice came from the passing shadows?
To them, the truth would be literally nothing but the shadows of the images
And now look again and see what will naturally follow if one of the prisoners is released
At first, when he is liberated and compelled suddenly to stand up and turn his head round and look towards the light
All this would hurt him and he would be much too dazzled to see distinctly those things who shadows it seen before?
And then conceive someone saying to him
That what he saw before was an illusion
But that now, when he's approaching nearer to reality
And his eyes turned toward more real existence, he has a clearer vision
What will be his reply?
And you may further imagine that his instructor is pointing to the objects as they pass and requiring him to name them
Will he not be perplexed, will he not think that the shadows which he formerly saw
Are truer than the objects which are now shown to him?
And suppose once more than he is reluctantly dragged up a steep and rugged descent
And held fast until he is forced into the presence of the sun himself
When he approaches the light, his eyes will be dazzled
And he will not be able to see anything at all of what are now called realities
He will require to grow accustomed to the site of the upper world
At first he will see the shadows best
Next, the reflections of objects in the water and then the objects themselves
Then he will gaze upon the stars and the spangled Heavens
And the light of the moon, He will see the sky and the stars by night
Last of all, he will be able to see the sun
And not near reflections of it in the water
But he will see the sun in its own proper place
And not another and he will contemplate the sun as it is
Will he not then proceed to argue that it is the son who gives the season and the years
And is the Guardian ability is in the visible world, and in a certain way
The cause of all things which is fellows have been accustomed to behold.
Clearly he would first see the sun. And then reason about it
And when he remembered his own habitation, and what was the wisdom of the cave
And his fellow prisoners, do you not suppose that he would bless himself with a change
And pity them?
And if they were in the habit of conferring honors among themselves
On those who were quickest to observe the passing shadows
And to remark which of them went before, and which followed after, and which were together
And who were therefore best able to draw conclusions as to the future
Do you think that he would care for such honors and glories, or envy the possessors of them?
Would he not say with Homer
Better to be the poor servant of a poor master
And to endure anything, rather than think as they do and live after their manner?
Imagine once more, such a one, coming suddenly out of the sun to be replaced in his old situation
Would he not be certain to have his eyes full of darkness?
And if there were a contest of measuring the shadows
And he had to compete with the prisoners who were never moveed out of the den.
While his sight was still weak
And before his eyes, it becomes steady
Wouldn't they all laugh at him and say he spoiled his eyesight by going up there.
That it was better not to even think of ascending
And if any one tried to release another and lead him up to the light
Let them only catch the offender, and they would put him to death.
It is the task of the enlightened not only to ascend to learning and to see the good
But to be willing to descend again to those prisoners and to share their troubles and their honours
Whether they are worth having or not.
And this thing was do even with the prospect of death
They should give of their help to one another wherever each class is able to help the community

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